Closing on a House in 2025: Your Complete Step-by-Step Guide
Author: Casey Foster
Published on: 11/19/2025
Fact CheckedFact Checked
Author: Casey Foster|Published on: 11/19/2025
Fact CheckedFact Checked

Closing on a House in 2025: Your Complete Step-by-Step Guide

Author: Casey Foster
Published on: 11/19/2025
Fact CheckedFact Checked
Author: Casey Foster|Published on: 11/19/2025
Fact CheckedFact Checked

Key Takeaways

  • Closing on a house typically takes 42-44 days from offer acceptance to final signing, though timelines vary by loan type and individual circumstances
  • According to the CFPB (accessed October 28, 2025), median closing costs increased by over 36% from 2021 to 2023, with Lodestar Software Solutions (accessed October 28, 2025) reporting the national average for 2025 at $4,661 including recording and taxes
  • The Closing Disclosure must be received at least three business days before closing, giving you time to review all final loan terms and costs
  • Successful closings require careful document preparation, timely lender responses, and proactive financial management to avoid last-minute delays
  • Understanding each stage of the closing process helps you anticipate requirements, avoid common pitfalls, and move toward homeownership with confidence

Understanding the Closing Journey: What You're Actually Getting Into

Okay, so here's what happened last month. A first-time buyer—a really prepared person—had everything organized in color-coded folders (honestly made me feel a little inadequate about my own filing system). They'd done all the research, saved for years, got preapproved without issues. Then three days before closing, they realized they'd missed one tiny document request from their lender. Just one form. That delay? Cost them their locked interest rate and added almost $200 to their monthly payment.

At AmeriSave, we see situations like this more often than we'd like. That's why our loan officers proactively reach out to borrowers throughout the process, making sure every document gets submitted on time.

Let me simplify this for you. Closing isn't just "the day you sign papers and get keys." Think of it like this: it's more like the final exam after months of studying. You've toured houses, made offers, negotiated terms, survived the inspection. Closing is where all that work either comes together smoothly or falls apart over details you didn't see coming.

According to ICE Mortgage Technology (accessed October 28, 2025), the average timeline for closing on a home purchase is 42 days for purchases with mortgage financing. That's from offer acceptance to the day you're holding your new house keys. But here's the human side of this: those 42 days aren't just calendar pages flipping. They're 42 days of document gathering, waiting on third parties, coordinating schedules, and honestly? Probably some stress-induced late-night Google searches about what "subordination clause" means.

The closing process, also called settlement, represents the final legal transfer of property ownership from seller to buyer. Every obligation gets resolved, every party gets paid, and you officially become a homeowner. In my MSW program, we learned about how major life transitions create both opportunity and vulnerability. Buying a home is exactly that kind of transition - exciting and overwhelming at the same time.

Breaking Down the Complete Closing Timeline

Let me walk you through what actually happens during those 42-ish days. This isn't just theory - this is what I watch people navigate every single day, and what our AmeriSave team helps borrowers manage from start to finish.

Week 1-2: Document Assembly and Initial Review

The textbook answer is that you should have all your documents ready immediately. But really? Most people spend the first week or two scrambling to gather everything. You're pulling together:

  • Employment verification letters (hopefully your HR department responds faster than mine did when I needed one)
  • Two years of tax returns with all schedules
  • Bank statements from the past 60-90 days
  • Investment account statements
  • Documentation for any large deposits
  • Current debt information

Pro tip from someone who's seen this go wrong: Don't just collect these documents—actually read them. I had a client last year whose bank statement showed a $10,000 deposit they'd forgotten about (gift from parents for the down payment). Took us three extra days to document it properly because they didn't catch it first.

We help AmeriSave borrowers organize everything upfront with a personalized document checklist that tracks submission deadlines and confirms receipt of each item in real-time through our digital platform.

The lender reviews your loan application during this period. They're verifying employment, running credit checks, and confirming your financial situation hasn't changed since preapproval. Any changes - new job, new debt, missed payments - can impact your loan terms or even your approval.

Week 2-3: Appraisal and Title Work

While you're gathering documents, the appraisal gets ordered. According to Bankrate (accessed October 28, 2025), this typically takes one to two weeks. The appraiser evaluates the home's market value, and here's what I've learned: appraisals can make or break deals. If the appraised value comes in lower than your offer price, you've got decisions to make. Maybe renegotiate the price, bring more cash to closing, or walk away entirely.

Simultaneously, a title company conducts a title search. They're looking back through years (sometimes decades) of property records to confirm the seller actually owns the property free and clear. They're checking for liens, unpaid property taxes, boundary disputes, easements - anything that could complicate your legal ownership.

When we acquired our process systems through a merger, I remember learning about all the ways title issues can surprise people. One property had an old lien from renovation work done fifteen years earlier. Seller had forgotten about it completely. These things happen more than you'd think.

Week 3-4: Underwriting Deep Dive

This is where your loan goes to underwriting for serious scrutiny. Think of underwriting as the lender's risk assessment. They're verifying every claim you've made, checking every document, and calculating whether lending you this money makes financial sense.

The underwriter might request additional documentation. Maybe they want explanation letters for credit inquiries. Maybe they need proof that gift funds actually transferred. This stage can feel invasive - because honestly, it kind of is. They're looking at your entire financial life.

Here's what this means for you: be responsive. When underwriting requests something, send it same day if possible. Every delay here extends your closing timeline. Our team at AmeriSave assigns dedicated underwriting coordinators to each loan file specifically to avoid these delays.

Week 4-6: Final Preparations and Closing Disclosure

At least three business days before closing (this is federal law), you'll receive your Closing Disclosure. This is the most important document you'll see before closing day. According to the CFPB (accessed October 28, 2025), this document details your final loan terms, monthly payment, and all closing costs.

Compare this to your original Loan Estimate. Some costs can't change at all. Some can increase by up to 10%. Some can change by any amount under specific circumstances. Know which category your costs fall into.

During this final stretch, you're also:

  • Finalizing homeowners insurance
  • Scheduling your final walk-through
  • Arranging funds transfer for closing
  • Coordinating closing day logistics

15 Critical Steps to Successfully Close on Your House

Let me give you the comprehensive breakdown of what needs to happen. Not just the highlights - the actual detailed steps I guide people through.

1. Master Your Document Checklist

Start by creating a tracking system. (I use spreadsheets. My colleague swears by apps. Use whatever works for your brain.) You need:

Closing Disclosure: You'll receive this from your lender three business days before closing. It replaces the Loan Estimate and shows final numbers. Read every line. I mean every single line.

Seller's Disclosure: This document lists known defects or issues with the property. It's legally required in most states, though requirements vary. What sellers must disclose differs by state, so check local laws.

Title Documents: The title company provides these showing clear ownership and no liens. Your attorney or escrow company reviews them to ensure smooth transfer.

Loan Application: Your lender provides a copy of your original application. Review it for accuracy.

Proof of Homeowners Insurance: You'll need the declarations page showing coverage is active on closing day.

Government-Issued ID: Bring your driver's license, passport, or state ID.

Funds for Closing: Arranged as certified check or wire transfer (more on this later).

Here's something I learned during my Master’s of Social Work (MSW) studies about human behavior: we tend to procrastinate on tasks that feel overwhelming. Break this down. One document per day if needed. Just don't wait until the week before closing.

2. Thoroughly Review Your Loan Application

I've seen situations where people's financial circumstances changed between application and closing. Got a raise? Great, but tell your lender. Took on new debt? Less great, but definitely tell your lender. Your lender needs to know about:

  • Job changes (even promotions)
  • New credit accounts
  • Large deposits or withdrawals
  • Changes in income
  • Changes in assets

Failure to report changes can delay closing or even cause loan denial at the last minute. I know someone whose loan got denied two hours before closing because they'd bought a new car the week before and didn't tell their lender. Don't be that person. At AmeriSave, we run a pre-closing verification check 72 hours before your scheduled closing to catch any last-minute issues early.

3. Analyze the Seller's Disclosure Carefully

Seller disclosures can save you thousands of dollars or prevent massive regrets. Depending on your state's requirements, these disclosures cover:

  • Complete repair history
  • Past and present water damage
  • Foundation problems or settling
  • Previous or current infestations
  • Lead paint presence (required for homes built before 1978)
  • HVAC, plumbing, or electrical issues
  • Roof condition and age
  • Known defects in appliances

Read these carefully. Not all states require seller disclosures, so talk to your real estate agent about local requirements. If something raises concerns, dig deeper. Ask for receipts, inspection reports, or contractor names.

If you spot red flags, you have options: request repairs before closing, negotiate a price reduction to cover future repairs, or walk away if issues are severe enough. Remember, buying a house typically comes with a no-return policy.

4. Compare Your Closing Disclosure to the Loan Estimate

The law requires lenders to send your Closing Disclosure at least three business days before closing. This waiting period exists for a reason - it gives you time to identify problems.

Your Closing Disclosure includes:

  • Complete loan terms (amount, interest rate, monthly payment)
  • Loan type (conventional, FHA, VA, USDA)
  • Detailed breakdown of closing costs:
  • Origination charges

  • Appraisal and inspection fees

  • Title insurance costs

  • Government recording fees

  • Prepaid items (property taxes, homeowners insurance)

  • Escrow deposits
  • Cash needed to close (down payment plus closing costs minus any credits)
  • Annual Percentage Rate (APR)
  • Total Interest Percentage (TIP) - total interest over loan life

Line by line, compare these numbers to your Loan Estimate. The CFPB (accessed October 28, 2025) has raised concerns about increasing closing costs, noting that some costs rose sharply from 2021 to 2022 - median total loan costs increased by 21.8 percent on home purchase loans during that single year.

According to Lodestar Software Solutions' 2025 data (accessed October 28, 2025), the national average for closing costs is $4,661 including recording and taxes, or approximately 1.6 percent of the average sales price. Without recording and taxes, typical closing costs come to $3,042.

If you spot errors, contact your lender immediately. Yes, this might delay closing. But signing incorrect documents costs you more in the long run.

5. Coordinate All Required Inspections

Before finalizing the purchase, you need various inspections to identify potential problems. Schedule these early - inspector availability can delay your timeline, especially in active real estate markets.

General Home Inspection: A licensed inspector examines the property's physical structure, systems, and components. They check:

  • Roof condition and remaining lifespan
  • Foundation for cracks or settling
  • Plumbing (water pressure, leaks, pipe condition)
  • Electrical systems (panel capacity, wiring safety, outlet function)
  • HVAC systems (heating and cooling efficiency)
  • Windows and doors (operation, seals, energy efficiency)
  • Attic and crawl space conditions
  • Grading and drainage
  • Visible signs of water intrusion or mold

General inspections typically cost $300-500 depending on home size and location.

Pest Inspection: Identifies infestations or damage from termites, carpenter ants, rodents, or other pests. In some states and for certain loan types (like VA loans), pest inspections are mandatory. Even when not required, they're worth the investment. Termite damage repair can cost tens of thousands of dollars.

Radon Inspection: Tests for radon gas accumulation. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can accumulate in basements and lower levels. The EPA estimates radon causes about 21,000 lung cancer deaths annually, making it the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking.

Additional Specialty Inspections:

  • Mold inspection (if you see or smell evidence)
  • Septic inspection (for properties with septic systems)
  • Well water testing (for properties with private wells)
  • Pool and spa inspection
  • Structural engineering evaluation (if foundation concerns exist)

Once inspections are complete, review results with your agent. If significant issues appear, negotiate with the seller for repairs, request credits toward post-closing repairs, or reassess whether you want to proceed. We help AmeriSave borrowers understand inspection reports and evaluate whether repair costs affect the value proposition of their purchase.

6. Select and Secure Homeowners Insurance

Most lenders require proof of homeowners insurance before closing. You can't close without it. Shop around for coverage - rates vary significantly between companies.

Your insurance premium depends on:

  • Home features (age, square footage, construction type)
  • Coverage level (replacement cost vs. actual cash value)
  • Deductible amount
  • Location (proximity to fire stations, flood zones, crime rates)
  • Claims history
  • Credit score (in most states)
  • Additional coverage (jewelry, art, flood insurance)

According to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (accessed October 28, 2025), average homeowners insurance costs vary widely by state, ranging from around $800 annually in some states to over $3,000 in others.

Don't just buy the minimum required coverage. Make sure your policy actually protects your investment. Replacement cost coverage is typically better than actual cash value, though it costs more. And understand what's not covered - most standard policies don't cover floods, earthquakes, or maintenance issues.

AmeriSave partners with multiple insurance providers to help you compare quotes and find coverage that meets lender requirements while fitting your budget.

7. Prepare Your Finances for Closing Day

Your Closing Disclosure specifies exactly how much you need to bring to closing. Let me break down the various expenses:

Closing Costs (typically 2-6% of Purchase Price, averaging $4,661 nationally): These fees go to the lender and third parties involved in your transaction:

  • Origination fees (lender charges for processing your loan)
  • Appraisal fee (typically $300-600)
  • Credit report fee (usually $25-50)
  • Title search and title insurance ($1,000-4,000 depending on location and price)
  • Attorney fees (if required in your state)
  • Recording fees (government charges to record the deed)
  • Survey fee (if required)
  • Home inspection fee
  • Pest inspection fee

Down Payment: Typically 3-20% of purchase price depending on loan type:

  • Conventional loans: Usually 5-20%
  • FHA loans: As low as 3.5%
  • VA loans: 0% for eligible veterans
  • USDA loans: 0% for eligible rural properties

Our AmeriSave loan programs include FHA loans with down payments as low as 3.5%, making homeownership more accessible for first-time buyers and those with limited savings.

Prepaid Items and Escrow Deposits: You'll prepay certain costs and fund your escrow account:

  • Homeowners insurance (first year's premium)
  • Property taxes (several months)
  • Prepaid interest (from closing date to end of month)
  • Escrow reserves (typically 2-3 months of insurance and taxes)

Earnest Money: Your earnest money deposit (typically 1-3% of purchase price) was paid when you made your offer. This amount gets applied toward your down payment or closing costs, so you don't pay it twice.

Potential Credits: You might receive credits that reduce what you owe:

  • Lender credits (in exchange for slightly higher interest rate)
  • Seller concessions (seller agreeing to cover some of your costs)
  • Buyer assistance programs (state or local homebuyer assistance)

8. Lock Your Mortgage Interest Rate

Before closing, if you haven’t already, work with your lender to lock your interest rate. Mortgage rates fluctuate daily based on economic conditions, and locking protects you from increases. At AmeriSave, we lock your rate at application, so you’d already be covered here.

Your rate lock typically lasts 30-60 days. If your closing gets delayed beyond the lock period, you might need to extend the lock (sometimes with a fee) or accept the current market rate.

Important considerations:

  • Lock when rates are favorable
  • Ensure your lock period extends past your expected closing date
  • Understand float-down options (some lenders allow one-time rate reduction if rates drop)
  • Get your rate lock in writing

Some lenders offer float-down provisions where if rates decrease significantly after you lock, you can capture the lower rate. These typically have conditions like "rates must drop by at least 0.25%." Ask about this option.[BA1] [SA2]

At AmeriSave, we offer rate lock periods from 30 to 60 days with transparent extension policies, and our loan officers monitor market conditions to recommend optimal lock timing based on your closing timeline.

9. Arrange Secure Funds Transfer

Before closing day, prepare the funds for your down payment and closing costs. This typically involves a wire transfer or certified/cashier's check.

Wire Transfer Process:

  1. Contact your title company directly (using phone numbers you verify independently)
  2. Obtain wiring instructions in writing
  3. Verify all details with a phone call to the title company
  4. Initiate wire transfer 1-2 days before closing
  5. Confirm receipt with title company

CRITICAL WARNING: Wire fraud is rampant in real estate transactions. According to the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center (accessed October 28, 2025), real estate wire fraud cost victims hundreds of millions of dollars in recent years.

Scammers impersonate title companies, real estate agents, or lenders via fake emails with altered wiring instructions. They create email addresses that look nearly identical to legitimate ones. They may even reference your real transaction details to appear legitimate.

Protect yourself:

  • Never trust wiring instructions received via email alone
  • Always call to verify using phone numbers from official websites or business cards
  • Never use phone numbers included in emails
  • Be suspicious of last-minute changes to wiring instructions
  • Verify receipt of funds before closing day
  • Never share financial information or social security number via email

If you're using a cashier's check instead, obtain it from your bank 1-2 days before closing. Make it payable to the title company or escrow company (they'll tell you the exact name).

10. Gather Everything You Need for Closing Day

Create a physical checklist of items to bring to closing. Pack these the night before.

Required Documents:

  • Government-issued photo ID (driver's license, passport, or state ID)
  • Proof of homeowners insurance (declarations page)
  • Closing Disclosure (bring your copy for reference)
  • Proof of funds transfer or cashier's check
  • Any additional documents your lender requested

Helpful Items:

  • Copy of purchase agreement
  • Home inspection report
  • List of key contacts (agent, attorney, lender)
  • Calculator
  • Questions list
  • Pen (though they'll provide one)

Don't forget, closing involves signing your name dozens of times. Your hand will cramp. Take breaks when needed.

11. Conduct Your Final Walk-Through

Schedule your final walk-through within 24 hours of closing - ideally the morning of closing day or the day before.

What to check:

  • Agreed-upon repairs completed to your satisfaction
  • All appliances, fixtures, and items that were included in the sale are present and functioning
  • No new damage occurred since your last visit
  • Seller removed all personal belongings
  • Utilities are still connected for your walk-through
  • Property is in the condition specified in your contract

What to test:

  • Turn on all faucets, flush toilets
  • Test all appliances
  • Check light switches and outlets
  • Run heating/cooling systems
  • Open and close all windows and doors
  • Test garage door opener
  • Check that any items you purchased (like window treatments or appliances) are still there

If you find problems - whether repairs weren't completed properly or new damage appeared - address them immediately with your real estate agent. You may need to delay closing, require money be held in escrow for repairs, or negotiate a credit.

I worked with a buyer last year whose final walk-through revealed the seller had removed the washer and dryer that were supposed to convey. We had to delay closing two hours while attorneys negotiated a credit. These situations are stressful but fixable if you catch them before signing.

12. Understand Your Closing Costs Breakdown

Let me explain what you're actually paying for in those closing costs, because honestly, until I studied these transactions in detail, even I found some of these fees confusing.

Origination Charges:

  • Loan origination fee (lender's cost to process your loan)
  • Points (optional fees to reduce your interest rate)
  • Underwriting fee
  • Processing fee
  • Application fee
Third-Party Services You Cannot Shop For:
  • Appraisal fee
  • Credit report fee
  • Tax service fee
  • Flood certification
Third-Party Services You CAN Shop For:
  • Title insurance (lender's and owner's)
  • Settlement/closing fee
  • Title search
  • Attorney fees (in attorney states)
  • Survey fee
  • Pest inspection
Government Fees:
  • Recording fees (recording deed and mortgage)
  • Transfer taxes (state/local taxes on property transfer)
Prepaids:
  • Homeowners insurance premium (first year)
  • Property taxes (2-6 months)
  • Prepaid interest
  • Mortgage insurance premium (if applicable)
Initial Escrow Payment:
  • Property taxes (2-3 months)
  • Homeowners insurance (2-3 months)
  • Mortgage insurance (2-3 months if applicable)

The CFPB reports (accessed October 28, 2025) that about 50.2% of home purchase borrowers paid discount points in 2022, up from 32.1% in 2021. The median discount points paid was $2,370 in 2022, up from $1,225 in 2021. This increase largely reflects borrowers trying to secure lower rates in a rising rate environment.

We provide AmeriSave borrowers with a detailed cost breakdown tool that categorizes every fee and explains what you're paying for, eliminating confusion and ensuring transparency.

13. Navigate Closing Day Itself

Closing day typically takes 1-2 hours of signing documents. Here's what actually happens.

Who Attends:

  • You (the buyer)
  • Seller
  • Your real estate agent
  • Seller's agent
  • Closing agent/attorney (runs the closing)
  • Your attorney (if required in your state)
  • Seller's attorney (if applicable)
  • Title company representative
  • Lender representative (sometimes)

Not all parties attend every closing. In some states, buyers and sellers don't even meet - they sign at different times.

Documents You'll Sign:

  • Promissory Note (your promise to repay the loan)
  • Mortgage or Deed of Trust (secures the loan with the property)
  • Closing Disclosure (final review and signature)
  • Deed (transfers property ownership to you)
  • Bill of Sale (for personal property like appliances)
  • Affidavits (certifying information accuracy)
  • Various disclosures and certifications

The closing agent explains each document. Don't hesitate to ask questions. This is a legally binding transaction - you need to understand what you're signing.

14. Complete Post-Closing Tasks

Congratulations - you're a homeowner! But you're not quite done yet.

Immediate Tasks:

  • Change locks (you don't know who has keys)
  • Update address with post office, employer, banks, credit cards, insurance companies
  • Transfer utilities to your name
  • Set up homeowners insurance payment
  • Set up mortgage payment (automatic payment recommended)
  • File deed with county recorder (closing company usually does this, but verify)

First Month Tasks:

  • Locate main water shut-off, electrical panel, gas shut-off
  • Create emergency contact list (plumber, electrician, HVAC, etc.)
  • Start home maintenance checklist
  • Review homeowners insurance policy in detail
  • Set up mortgage escrow account monitoring

15. Know Your Rights and Recourse

You have specific legal protections during the closing process. Understanding these rights helps you identify when something's wrong.

Three-Day Cancellation Right (Refinances Only): For refinances (not purchases), you have three business days after closing to cancel without penalty. This doesn't apply to purchase mortgages.

Right to Shop: You can shop for certain settlement services like title insurance, surveys, and attorney services. Your lender must allow this.

Right to Accurate Closing Disclosure: If your Closing Disclosure contains errors, you have the right to demand corrections before closing.

Right to Explanation: The closing agent must explain every document. If you don't understand something, demand clarification.

Avoiding Common Closing Roadblocks

Let me share what I've learned from watching hundreds of closings go smoothly and watching dozens hit problems.

Respond Immediately to Lender Requests

One of the most common delays is financial documentation submitted late. Your lender might request:

  • Updated bank statements
  • Explanation letters for credit inquiries
  • Recent pay stubs
  • Verification of employment
  • Documentation for large deposits

When your lender asks for something, provide it same day if possible. Every day you delay extends your closing timeline. Set up a system where you check email multiple times daily during the closing process. Our AmeriSave borrowers receive text alerts whenever their loan officer needs additional documentation, ensuring nothing gets missed.

Maintain Financial Stability

Changes in your finances can derail your closing. Avoid these mistakes:

DON'T:

  • Change jobs or start new employment
  • Take on new debt (car loans, personal loans, credit cards)
  • Make large purchases (furniture, appliances, vehicles)
  • Miss any payments
  • Move money between accounts without explanation
  • Apply for new credit
  • Co-sign loans for anyone
  • Make large cash deposits

DO:

  • Continue making all payments on time
  • Keep your job
  • Maintain account balances
  • Save receipts for legitimate large deposits (tax refunds, bonuses, gifts)
  • Live below your means for a few months

I know it's tempting to buy furniture for your new house. Don't. Wait until after closing. I've seen deals fall apart days before closing because someone financed a couch.

Protect Yourself from Wire Fraud

This deserves extra emphasis because the consequences are devastating. Once you wire money to scammers, it's almost impossible to recover.

Red Flags:

  • Wiring instructions received via email
  • Last-minute changes to account numbers
  • Pressure to "act fast"
  • Requests to wire money on weekends or holidays
  • Instructions coming from free email accounts
  • Spelling or grammar errors in emails
  • Slight variations in email addresses

Protection Steps:

  • Save all legitimate contact information before you receive any wiring instructions
  • Call known phone numbers to verify instructions
  • Ask security questions only the real title company would know
  • Use different communication channels to verify (if you received email instructions, call to verify)
  • Wire during business hours when you can confirm receipt
  • Never send financial information via email

Understand How Delays Affect Your Rate Lock

If your rate lock expires before closing, you might face difficult choices.

Option 1: Pay a fee to extend your lock (typically 0.125-0.25% of loan amount per 15-day extension)

Option 2: Float to current market rate (risky if rates have increased)

Option 3: Renegotiate if rates dropped (some lenders allow this)

Most delays aren't your fault - appraisals run late, title issues appear, sellers miss deadlines. But protect yourself by locking for slightly longer than your expected timeline. If closing is scheduled for 40 days out, lock for 45-50 days.

We build buffer time into every AmeriSave rate lock to protect borrowers from delays outside their control, and we proactively monitor your closing timeline to alert you weeks in advance if extension might be needed.

Understanding Different Closing Timelines by Loan Type

According to ICE Mortgage Technology data (accessed October 28, 2025), closing timelines vary significantly by loan type.

Conventional Loans: 42-46 days average
These loans from private lenders typically close fastest among mortgage options. You'll need:

  • Credit score of 620+ (higher is better)
  • Debt-to-income ratio under 43% (sometimes higher with compensating factors)
  • Down payment of 3-20%
  • Stable employment history

FHA Loans: 52-77 days average
Government-insured loans require additional property standards and inspections:

  • Credit score as low as 580 for 3.5% down
  • More lenient debt-to-income ratios
  • Property must meet FHA minimum property standards
  • Additional appraisal requirements

AmeriSave specializes in FHA loans and has streamlined the process to help first-time buyers close faster with less hassle. Our FHA expertise means we catch potential issues early before they delay your closing.

VA Loans: 71+ days average
Available to eligible military members, veterans, and spouses:

  • No down payment required
  • No mortgage insurance required
  • Property must meet VA Minimum Property Requirements
  • Certificate of Eligibility required
  • VA appraisal required

We're proud to serve veterans through our VA loan program, offering dedicated support from loan officers who understand the unique needs of military families.

USDA Loans: 45-60 days average
For eligible rural properties:

  • No down payment required
  • Income limits apply
  • Property must be in eligible rural area
  • USDA approval required

Cash Purchases: 7-10 days
No mortgage means no loan processing:

  • Title search still required
  • Inspections recommended
  • No appraisal required
  • No lender underwriting
  • Faster closing possible

According to HomeLight research (accessed October 28, 2025), all-cash purchases accounted for 32% of home sales in January 2024—a decade high. Cash remains appealing for its speed and simplicity.

How to Deal with Common Problems When Things Go Wrong

Let me tell you about some problems I've seen and how they were fixed. These aren't just made-up situations; I've helped people through these kinds of things before, and our AmeriSave team helps borrowers deal with them all the time.

Low Value

The problem is that the appraisal value is $15,000 less than the purchase price.

Choices:

  1. Renegotiate the price of the purchase. Ask the seller to lower the price to the appraised value.
  2. Bring more money—use the extra down payment to make up the $15,000 difference.
  3. Meet in the middle: the seller lowers the price by $7,500, and you pay the extra $7,500.
  4. Disagree with the appraisal by giving sales data that shows a higher value
  5. Leave—if you have an appraisal contingency, you can cancel without any problems.

What usually happens? The buyer and seller come to an agreement. No one wants to go through the process again.

Problems with the title

The problem is that a title search shows an unpaid contractor lien from three years ago.

Solution: The seller must settle the lien before closing. Either:

  • Pay the full amount of the lien
  • Work out a settlement with the lienholder
  • Show that the lien was paid off but not properly released
  • Use the money from the closing to pay off the lien.

This pushes back the closing, but it usually gets worked out. Title companies won't close if there are clouds on the title.

Problems with credit at the last minute

The Problem: The lender does a final credit check three days before closing and finds a new inquiry and more debt.

Solution: The buyer must say:

  • What the question was for
  • If new debt was taken on
  • How it changes the debt-to-income ratio

If ratios still work, close the deal. If not, you may need to pay off debt or change the terms of your loan.

Delays from the seller

The issue is that the seller isn't ready to leave by the closing date.

Choices:

  1. Delay closing: Move the closing date back (this affects the rate lock)
  2. Seller rents from buyer for a set amount of time after closing.
  3. Cancel deal: If the seller breaks the contract, the buyer can keep the earnest money.

The Last Stretch: What Happens Right After Closing

You have signed the last paper. The person who closes the deal gives you the keys. What now?

In 24 Hours:

  • Change the locks (seriously, do this right away)
  • Take pictures or videos of the state of the property
  • Make sure the seller didn't leave anything behind that you don't want.
  • Check all systems one more time
  • Move utilities if you haven't already done so
  • Find all the keys (for the garage, the sheds, etc.)

First Week:

  • Change of address form
  • Change your voter registration
  • Tell banks and creditors
  • Change the registration on your car
  • Change the records of your employer
  • Tell the IRS about the change of address

First Month:

  • Go over all the closing papers
  • Keep deeds and papers safe
  • Set up a way to pay your mortgage
  • Make a schedule for keeping up with home repairs
  • Get to know your neighbors (this is more important than you think)
  • Set up an emergency fund for home repairs

Summary: Your Road to a Successful Closing

Closing on a house is one of the most important financial deals you'll ever make. What all successful closings have in common is...

Preparation: Buyers who are organized, get their paperwork in order early, respond quickly to requests, and keep their finances stable close without any problems.

Communication: Buyers who keep in touch with their lender, agent, and lawyer on a regular basis find problems early on, when they are easier to fix.

Be flexible and know that things can go wrong. Add some extra time to your plans. Don't hire movers until you've signed the closing papers.

Pay attention to the details: Read everything. Check everything. Ask questions about anything that doesn't make sense. It's not polite to ask questions right now.

Financial Discipline: Don't give in to the urge to make big purchases or changes to your finances until after you close.

The closing process can be very stressful, especially for people who are buying their first home. But every day, thousands of people successfully close on homes. You can join them if you get ready, be patient, and have the right support team.

Do you remember the MSW class I told you about that was about big changes in life? Here's what I learned that has to do with buying a home: big changes are stressful, but they also help you grow. Buying a house is more than just a money deal; it's a big step in life. It's okay to be both excited and scared at the same time. You can ask questions that seem obvious. You can take your time reading papers.

You can't skip steps or think that everything will be fine. In my experience, people who prepared well, stayed involved throughout the process, and never thought anything was too small to check were the ones who had successful closings.

You can do this. Keep moving forward, stay organized, and take it one step at a time. You'll be holding your house keys in six weeks and wondering what you were so worried about.

References

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. (2024). "CFPB Launches Inquiry into Junk Fees in Mortgage Closing Costs." Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-launches-inquiry-into-junk-fees-in-mortgage-closing-costs/

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. (2024). "Junk fees are driving up housing costs." Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/blog/junk-fees-are-driving-up-housing-costs-the-cfpb-wants-to-hear-from-you/

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. (2025). "Can my final mortgage costs increase from what was on my Loan Estimate?" Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.consumerfinance.gov/ask-cfpb/can-my-final-mortgage-costs-increase-from-what-was-on-my-loan-estimate-en-172/

ICE Mortgage Technology. (2025). "Time to close data." Referenced in multiple industry publications. Retrieved October 28, 2025.

Bankrate. (2025). "Closing on a house: What to expect." Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.bankrate.com/mortgages/understanding-the-closing-process/

Bankrate/Lodestar Software Solutions. (2025). "Average Closing Costs By State In 2025." Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.bankrate.com/real-estate/average-closing-costs-by-state/

HomeLight. (2024). "How Long Does It Take to Close On a House With Cash in 2025?" Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.homelight.com/blog/buyer-how-long-does-it-take-to-close-on-a-house-with-cash/

MoneyGeek. (2025). "How Long Does it Take to Close on a House?" Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.moneygeek.com/living/home/average-time-to-close-on-a-house/

CNBC Select. (2025). "How long does it take to close on a house?" Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.cnbc.com/select/how-long-does-it-take-to-close-on-a-house/

Federal Bureau of Investigation Internet Crime Complaint Center. (2025). "Wire Fraud Statistics." Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.ic3.gov/

National Association of Insurance Commissioners. (2025). "Homeowners Insurance Data." Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://content.naic.org/

Frequently Asked Questions

You can negotiate some closing costs, but once you get the closing disclosure, your options and time are limited. Fees for things like appraisals, title insurance, and government recordings are mostly set by the service providers and don't change much. You could have bought some services earlier, like title insurance, lawyers, and surveys, but once you order them, the prices are set. If you catch high lender fees early, you might be able to negotiate them, but three days before closing, you don't have much power. Before you sign a loan, you have the best chance to lower your costs. But if you see real mistakes or fees that shouldn't be there, you should definitely question them right away. I've seen charges show up on closing disclosures that were real mistakes. Just because something is in an official document doesn't mean it's right. When you're looking for lenders and comparing loan estimates, that's when you should really be negotiating closing costs, not a few days before closing. At AmeriSave, we give you upfront cost estimates and lock in our fees early, so you won't see any surprise charges on your Closing Disclosure.

If you find problems during your final walk-through, you have a few choices, depending on how bad they are. If the seller forgot to bring small things like light bulbs or other small things, you can still close and ask for a small credit or have the closing agent hold the money in escrow until the repairs are done. If there are moderate problems, like repairs that weren't done right, you can hold off on closing until the repairs are done right, ask for money to be held in escrow, or work out a credit at closing. If there are big problems, like a lot of new damage or the seller taking things that were supposed to stay, you may have to cancel or put off closing for a long time while the problems are fixed. The problem is that everyone is ready to move: movers are coming, your apartment lease is up, and sellers have their own plans for moving. But don't let pressure make you agree to things you didn't want to. I worked with someone whose last walk-through showed that the furnace had stopped working since they last came. The seller had to replace it, so we had to wait three days to close. Was it hard? Yes, for sure. But it's better than buying a house in December that doesn't have heat. Take pictures of the problems and call your real estate agent right away. They'll work with the seller's agent to find a solution. It's true that time is short, but accepting a damaged property is worse.

An interest rate lock guarantees your interest rate for a set amount of time, usually 30 to 60 days from the date of the lock. This protects you from rate hikes during the closing process. Your rate stays the same during this time, no matter what happens in the market. You're safe if rates go up. The lock period should last longer than your planned closing date to give you some extra time. You have a few options if closing takes longer than your lock expiration. You can pay a fee to extend your lock, which is usually 0.125 to 0.25 percent of the amount of your loan for every 15 days. For a loan of $3,000, that's $375 to $750 for each extension. You could also float to the current market rate, but this is risky if rates have gone up since you first locked in. Some lenders offer float-down options that let you get the lower rate once rates drop a lot after you lock. Most of the time, these have rules like rates must go down by at least 0.25 percent. This isn't something that all lenders do. Here's what I've learned about rate locks: always lock for longer than you think you'll need. Lock for 50 days if closing is set for 40 days away. It's worth paying a little extra for a longer lock to avoid the stress of having to close before the deadline. Most of the time, delays aren't your fault, so give yourself some extra time. AmeriSave helps you avoid problems with lock expiration by offering flexible rate lock periods and proactive monitoring. If we see any potential timeline issues, we let you know weeks in advance.

You need 2 forms of ID and payment to close. Bring a current government-issued photo ID, like a driver's license, passport, and/or state ID card, to prove who you are. Your ID must have the same name as the loan documents. If you recently changed your name legally, such as through marriage, bring both your old ID and proof of the name change. You can only pay for closing costs and the down payment with a wire transfer, cashier's check, or certified check. Because it takes time for the money to clear, personal checks are almost never accepted. When done right, wire transfers are the most common and safest way to send money. Call your title company at a verified phone number to get wiring instructions directly from them. Don't trust wiring instructions you get by email unless you can check them yourself. Real estate deals often involve wire fraud. Scammers send fake emails with changed banking information. Once you send them money, it's almost impossible to get it back. Get a cashier's check from your bank one to two days before closing if you plan to use one. Pay the title company or closing company exactly as they say to. Don't just show proof that you got the check; bring the check itself to closing. If you have more than one account or are paying for different things separately, some closings will require more than one check. Due to banking rules and paperwork needs, cash is not an acceptable way to close. To avoid problems at the last minute, plan how you will pay at least a week ahead of time.

The closing process is very different from state to state, especially when it comes to who does the closings and whether lawyers are needed. Some states are "attorney states," which means that only attorneys can handle closings. Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, and a few other states are among them. In attorney states, you hire a real estate attorney to look over papers, do title searches, and handle the closing. This adds the cost of hiring a lawyer to your closing costs, which are usually between $500 and $1,500 or more. In other states, like escrow states or title company states, title companies or escrow agents can close deals without needing an attorney. States like California, Arizona, Nevada, and others are among them. The way the closing process works is also different. Some states use deeds of trust, while others use mortgages. Some states require buyers and sellers to meet in person to close the deal, while others let them sign separately. Some states have short periods for redemption, while others have long ones. The costs of title insurance, transfer taxes, recording fees, and other things vary from state to state. Even for properties with similar values, closing costs can be very different from state to state. Before you close, make sure you know what your state needs. Talk to your real estate agent about what is normal and required in your area. Don't think that your friend's closing experience in a different state will be the same as yours. It's important to have experienced local professionals on your team because of these differences between states. They are familiar with the rules in your area and can help you navigate your state's unique process. Our AmeriSave loan officers are licensed in many states and know how things are different in each one. This makes sure that they follow all local rules.

If you find a mistake on your closing disclosure, call your lender right away, even if it means closing will be delayed. You are signing a legal document, so the closing disclosure needs to be correct. Some common mistakes are giving the wrong loan amount, interest rate, or down payment amount, adding fees that weren't talked about, making math mistakes in calculations, giving the wrong property address, misspelling names, or not giving you the credits you were promised. Some mistakes are small, like misspellings that don't matter for the deal. Some are serious, like wrong interest rates or fees that come up out of the blue. If certain important terms change, your lender must give you a corrected closing disclosure and wait three more business days before closing. Yes, this makes your closing date later. But signing the wrong papers will cost you more in the long run, either because you have to pay more than you agreed to or because you might have to deal with legal problems. I've seen mistakes that range from numbers being switched to whole fees that shouldn't have been there. Just because something is in an official document from your lender doesn't mean it's true. Look over each line carefully. Look at it next to your loan estimate. If the numbers don't match what you thought they would, ask why. Sometimes the change is real and can be explained. It can be a mistake. No matter what, you should know what you're signing. Before you close, make copies of all the paperwork for your records. It's much harder to fix mistakes after closing, so make sure you find them before you do. Before sending the Closing Disclosure, we call each borrower at AmeriSave and go over the information line by line to find any mistakes early.